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理想国

🌍 世界名著 柏拉图 古希腊
以苏格拉底对话讨论正义、教育与理想城邦。洞穴寓言就在这一本里。（英文原本全文）
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*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE REPUBLIC ***
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BOOK X.
INTRODUCTION AND ANALYSIS.
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BOOK I. The Republic opens with a truly Greek scene—a festival in
honour of the goddess Bendis which is held in the Piraeus; to this is added the promise of…
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BOOK II. Thrasymachus is pacified, but the intrepid Glaucon insists on
continuing the argument. He is not satisfied with the indirect manner in which, at the end…
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BOOK III. There is another motive in purifying religion, which is to
banish fear; for no man can be courageous who is afraid of death, or who believes the tale…
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BOOK IV. Adeimantus said: ‘Suppose a person to argue, Socrates, that
you make your citizens miserable, and this by their own free-will; they are the lords of t…
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BOOK V. I was going to enumerate the four forms of vice or decline in
states, when Polemarchus—he was sitting a little farther from me than Adeimantus—taking hi…
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Book IV, which fall unperceived on the reader’s mind, as they are
supposed at first to have fallen on the ear of Glaucon and Adeimantus. The ‘paradoxes,’ as…
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BOOK VI. Having determined that the many have no knowledge of true
being, and have no clear patterns in their minds of justice, beauty, truth, and that philo…
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BOOK VII. And now I will describe in a figure the enlightenment or
unenlightenment of our nature:—Imagine human beings living in an underground den which is …
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BOOK VIII. And so we have arrived at the conclusion, that in the
perfect State wives and children are to be in common; and the education and pursuits of me…
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BOOK IX. Last of all comes the tyrannical man, about whom we have to
enquire, Whence is he, and how does he live—in happiness or in misery? There is, however, …
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BOOK X. Many things pleased me in the order of our State, but there was
nothing which I liked better than the regulation about poetry. The division of the soul th…
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BOOK I.
I went down yesterday to the Piraeus with Glaucon the son of Ariston, that I might offer u…
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BOOK II.
With these words I was thinking that I had made an end of the discussion; but the end, in …
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BOOK III.
Such then, I said, are our principles of theology—some tales are to be told, and others ar…
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BOOK IV.
Here Adeimantus interposed a question: How would you answer, Socrates, said he, if a perso…
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BOOK V.
Such is the good and true City or State, and the good and true man is of the same pattern;…
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BOOK VI.
And thus, Glaucon, after the argument has gone a weary way, the true and the false philoso…
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BOOK VII.
And now, I said, let me show in a figure how far our nature is enlightened or unenlightene…
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BOOK VIII.
And so, Glaucon, we have arrived at the conclusion that in the perfect State wives and chi…
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BOOK IX.
Last of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he forme…
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BOOK X.
Of the many excellences which I perceive in the order of our State, there is none which up…